Although there is significant potential for libraries to use ChatGPT-like tools, the risks of algorithmic discrimination they introduce cannot be overlooked. Across the entire lifecycle—from data collection and training to service provision, user interaction, and result presentation—algorithmic bias can arise, often with new characteristics such as hidden and intersectional biases. The main causes of algorithmic discrimination include designer biases, user biases, and technological barriers. Designer bias can lead algorithmic models to inherit and amplify societal biases; user bias may exacerbate unequal service access due to variations in users’ digital literacy; and technological barriers may prevent disadvantaged groups from accessing and utilizing intelligent technologies. The adverse effects of algorithmic discrimination are significant, potentially transforming information inequality into social status inequality, leading to unequal distribution of discourse power in knowledge production, and diminishing individual agency. To mitigate these risks, libraries should first analyze the sources of discrimination, then implement ethical algorithm interventions to counteract designer bias, enhance users’ digital literacy to reduce user bias, and foster an inclusive digital environment to overcome technological service barriers, ensuring the responsible use of ChatGPT-like tools in libraries.

"Fool Resonance" is a network phenomenon that has emerged in recent years, rapidly spreading under the influence of algorithmic models, and posing a significant threat to the enhancement of young people's information literacy. This paper applies the partial least squares method to thoroughly analyze the causes and impacts of "fool resonance" and proposes strategies to address it. The study reveals that the formation of the "fool resonance" phenomenon is the result of the combined effects of the "information cocoon," "network Balkanization," and the "echo chamber" effect. These factors lead to consequences such as cognitive narrowing, group polarization, and self-satisfaction among youth. Therefore, it is crucial to remain vigilant and adopt appropriate measures to mitigate these effects.

The rapid development and application of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) technology present new opportunities for the transformation and upgrading of traditional information services. Exploring the application scenarios and development directions of AIGC in information services helps to improve service efficiency and quality, and promotes service innovation and upgrading. This paper focuses on the novelty search service in information services, selecting five widely discussed AIGC tools currently used both domestically and internationally: ChatGPT, ERNIE Bot, Zhipu AI, Kimi, and Bai Xiaoying. Based on the process of technological novelty search services, these tools were tested and evaluated for their performance in literature retrieval and screening, literature analysis, and report writing. Based on the test results, the paper provides relevant suggestions to enhance the effectiveness of information services in Chinese university libraries, focusing on updating service concepts, optimizing service processes, innovating technological
platforms, and improving professional abilities of personnel.

Zhang Zongxiang made outstanding contributions to the preservation and promotion of traditional culture. Throughout his life, he transcribed more than 9,000 volumes, most of which were unpublished or rare editions. Tie Ruyi Guan Shouchao Shumu is a catalog of his “hand-copied books”, but it does not cover all of his hand-copied works. This paper examines the extant versions of Tie Ruyi Guan Shouchao Shumu, verifies its compilation date, and supplements two entries—Sanfu Huangtu and Ni Wenzheng Gong Ji—omitted from the punctuated edition. It also discusses the relationship between Tie Ruyi Guan Shouchao Shumu, Tie Ruyi Guan Suibi（Random Notes）, and the postscripts in the books. Based on collections in Zhejiang Library, the National Library of China, and other institutions, the paper further provides textual supplements for 40 books missing from Tie Ruyi Guan Shouchao Shumu.

The rural public cultural services often face a development dilemma of exogenous forces. Through an investigation of the development practices of rural cultural cooperatives in Henan Province, this paper explores the endogenous development mechanisms of rural public cultural services. The findings indicate that such endogenous development relies on three foundational bases: institutional frameworks, local cultural resources, and technological support. On this basis, the endogenous development of rural public cultural services is realized through three core mechanisms: autonomy, collaboration, and resource sharing.

Taking Yuyao Library as a case study, this paper analyzes its collaborative practices with volunteer teams, educational and training institutions, universities, enterprises, and higher-level libraries in promoting children’s reading. It identifies four cooperation models: service procurement, project co-construction, public welfare support, and resource sharing. By outlining the characteristics of each model and examining representative cases, the paper explores pathways for enhancing children’s reading promotion in public libraries, including formulating stratified and targeted cooperation strategies, establishing flexible management mechanisms adapted to children’s reading characteristics, advancing digital collaborative innovation, and developing multi-dimensional evaluation systems. The findings aim to provide practical references for strengthening children’s reading promotion in Chinese public libraries.

The historic site of Henan University Library is situated on the Minglun campus of Henan University in Kaifeng City, with No. 6 Building as its main structure. Originally intended for teaching and administrative use, this building was not specifically designed as a library. Featuring a blend of Chinese and Western architectural elements, it is the earliest and most representative structure among Henan University’s Republic of China-era buildings. From 1924 until the library’s relocation in 1985, No. 6 Building served as the main library for 61 years, making lasting contributions to Henan University’s development, talent cultivation, and the advancement of library services in Henan Province. 

As the primary medium through which the government advances nationwide reading campaigns, policies related to nationwide reading play a pivotal role in promoting reading across China. Based on 409 policy documents, this paper constructs a content classification framework and conducts a quantitative analysis of thematic features and policy instrument types at the national, provincial, and municipal levels. The analysis reveals that China’ s nationwide reading policies mainly emphasize publicity, guidance, and reading activities, while content related to support and safeguard mechanisms remains relatively weak. Clear differences exist in the use of policy tools across levels: national-level policies tend to adopt mandatory instruments, provincial-level policies focus on incentive-based tools, and municipallevel policies predominantly rely on informational means. The frequency of policy issuance is closely linked to major national events and shows an overall declining trend, although the thematic distribution of policies is highly consistent across the three levels. Based on these findings, the paper recommends establishing a multi-level policy coordination mechanism, developing a tiered resource allocation model, incorporating public feedback from nationwide reading participants into the policy-making process, and building a policy pilot and dynamic adjustment mechanism.

Social memory, as a carrier of historical continuity and cultural identity, plays a central role in maintaining the continuity of civilization. Currently, libraries’ engagement with social memory remains largely confined to the traditional archival paradigms, lacking systematic theoretical frameworks and innovative practical mechanisms. This paper introduces the concept of “social memory-oriented special collections” and constructs a four-dimensional driving model—standardization, connotation, collaboration, and integration—based on the SECI model. Using the Zhejiang Folk Literature Special Collection at Hangzhou City University as a case study, the paper demonstrates how process and mechanism innovations can excavate regional cultural values and promote knowledge restructuring and innovation. The paper further proposes that the service practice of special collection resources should be deeply integrated into the university educational ecosystem, enabling the dynamic construction of social memory through research services, scenario-based education, and cultural dissemination.

Digital twin technology demonstrates significant development potential, and its application in the construction of smart libraries can further drive the transformation of libraries. This paper explains the concept and characteristics of digital twin technology, elaborating on the components of digital twin smart libraries from four aspects: library physical entities, digital twin models, digital twin service systems, and library twin big data. The application scenarios of digital twin smart libraries are described from three perspectives: twin librarian services, virtual creative spaces, and digital memory platforms. Finally, the operational mechanisms of digital twin smart libraries are explored from three dimensions: demand-driven mechanisms, innovation-driven mechanisms, and collaborative mechanisms.

The renovation of existing buildings provides an effective pathway for the construction of public libraries, offering significant benefits for rapidly expanding library coverage and promoting the high-quality development of services. This paper selects 19 cases of existing building renovations from both domestic and international sources through online searches and literature review. Based on case analysis and synthesis, it concludes that the renovation process should adhere to three basic principles: historical preservation, practicality, and cost-effectiveness. The paper also outlines implementation strategies for converting existing buildings into libraries from four perspectives: setting, architecture, function, and facilities. Additionally, it explores four approaches for promoting the high-quality implementation of renovation models: integration-driven, expertise-driven, efficiency-driven, and collaboration-driven.

Rural cultural revitalization is an inherent component of rural revitalization in the new era, and the construction of new urban-rural public cultural spaces is also an important task outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" for cultural development. This article uses the case study method to investigate ten rural public cultural spaces featured in the "Zhejiang Province's Most Beautiful Public Cultural Spaces: Rural Cultural Spaces" section. It analyzes the innovative practices in their spatial structure, service content, and management operations. Based on these analyses, the article summarizes the successful experiences of Zhejiang Province in building rural public cultural spaces and proposes that future development of new rural public cultural spaces should focus on the following aspects: establishing a high-quality development concept, harmonizing traditional features, integrating cultural tourism with industries, and setting up a regulatory system. This approach aims to achieve sustainable development, cultural innovation, and the upgrading of public cultural spaces, while creating new spaces that are shared by both hosts and guests, and platforms for participation by various social entities. These measures will further promote the development of rural cultural revitalization in the new era.

This article adopts systems engineering methodology and modular design principles, with university libraries as the service providers and innovative industry clusters, consisting of enterprises, industry alliances, and local governments, as the service recipients. It focuses on service demands such as project initiation/layout/decision-making, technological innovation, and patent transfer and commercialization. The paper constructs a three-dimensional patent information service system model and framework for university libraries targeting innovative industry clusters, providing a detailed design of each functional module of the service system. It proposes methods for constructing specialized databases, standardizing service processes, offering tiered service content, and implementing multi-dimensional coupling service models. These suggestions provide a systematic solution for improving the patent information service functions of university libraries and ensuring the patent information needs of innovative industry clusters.

With the rapid development of digital humanities, the protection and transmission of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) urgently require innovative approaches. Focusing on Tujia bamboo carving, this paper, grounded in the theoretical framework of digital humanities and employing gamified design through the Unity engine, reconstructs a knowledge service system for ICH. By analyzing the historical and cultural significance as well as the craftsmanship of Tujia bamboo carving, it develops an immersive virtual simulation game that transforms traditional craft knowledge into interactive and experiential digital services. It indicates that gamification not only enhances users’ active learning and emotional engagement with ICH knowledge, but also facilitates its dynamic dissemination and co-creation through virtual environments, task mechanisms, and social functions. This paper offers practical insights into reconstructing ICH knowledge services from a digital humanities perspective and provides theoretical support for innovating interdisciplinary models of cultural transmission.

The article explores the path and method of data management in Intangible Cultural Heritage based on Web GIS technology on the basis of the construction practice of shadow puppetry Web GIS system. On the basis of traditional relational database, the spatial elements are extended with the correspondence of latitude and longitude elements, and added to the metadata scheme, so that it constitutes a new metadata scheme together with the time elements and attribute elements. Data management can be realized in the network map by calling the data in the local server through the API interface provided by the network map. The use of large-scale network map for the data management in Intangible Cultural Heritage has the advantages of easy to use, easy to maintain, low cost, data portability, etc.; at the same time, it can effectively realize the functions of data visual presentation, visual mining, visual analysis, and visual endangerment warning of Intangible Cultural Heritage items.

The paper verifies biographical information on the majority of officials in the Siku Quanshu Compilation Bureau , including their native places and the years in which they attained their highest degree in the imperial examination system, and examines the distributional characteristics of their institutional affiliations, native places, degrees, and the timing of their highest examination achievements. The findings reveal that the Siku Quanshu Compilation Bureau was established in accordance with existing institutional norms, with the Hanlin Academy as its core, and relied heavily on officials drawn from multiple central agencies. Selection was primarily conducted through institutions rather than individuals. The Grand Council was deeply involved in the compilation of the Siku Quanshu. The personnel structure of the Bureau was marked by diversity, intersectionality, and complexity. The distribution of officials’ native places closely overlapped with that of Qing dynasty jinshi degree-holders and officials presented at court during the Qianlong reign. While the majority of officials were jinshi, some juren and other officials on the zhongzheng List were also included. The largest numbers of officials were recruited from the cohorts of the metropolitan examinations held in the 34th, 37th, and 40th years of the Qianlong reign. Extensive relational networks existed among the officials, encompassing ties of
colleagueship, native-place associations, shared examination cohorts, and examiner–candidate relationship in the imperial examination.

Paul Zurkowski’s concept of information literacy is foundational to academic research and policy development in the information literacy field. A thorough examination of this concept aids its accurate transmission within the Chinese context. By extracting core elements and key behaviors from Zurkowski's original report, The Information Service Environment Relationships and Priorities, this study constructs concept maps and compares them with the content of Chinese citation literature to identify issues in its Chinese translation. Findings reveal that Zurkowski’s universal approach to information literacy education integrates a crucial understanding of the relationship between information literacy and national, social, and individual dimensions, emphasizing contextual and practical characteristics. Due to inconsistencies in translation practices, misunderstandings have arisen in domestic scholarship regarding the essence of Zurkowski’s philosophy.

Libraries are vital spaces for fostering reading habits and enhancing the reading abilities of children with special needs. The development of reading support services for these children in libraries constitutes an integral part of improving public cultural service systems. Using methods such as online surveys and literature reviews, this study outlines the theoretical foundations of reading support services for children with special needs in libraries, examines the institutional environment supporting these services, and reviews the progress of practical implementation. Based on these insights, the paper proposes strategies for advancing library reading support services for children with special needs, including strengthening theoretical applications to ensure practical outcomes, constructing institutional frameworks tailored to service recipients, and extending service chains to promote nationwide reading initiatives.

Inclusive non-basic public cultural services are a distinctive feature of new public cultural spaces and an important means of fulfilling the public's desire for a better cultural life. This paper reviews the development status of inclusive non-basic public cultural services in new public cultural spaces, using Hefei’s urban reading space as a case study. It examines the foundational guarantees, organizational implementation, operational effectiveness, and innovative highlights of these services. The paper also identifies the shortcomings in the provision of inclusive non-basic public cultural services and proposes strategies for their development: strengthening talent development, continuously enhancing the appeal of non-basic cultural service projects and products, improving the comprehensiveness and feasibility of related policies, and leveraging the government’s role in macro-control and strong guidance. This research offers valuable insights for the development of a universal, equal, and characteristic public cultural service system in China.

Public libraries serve as key platforms for knowledge dissemination and cultural exchange. Leveraging new media to present their image to the international community helps foster global cultural exchange and mutual understanding. By analyzing the intrinsic relationship between public perception in new media communication and IFLA award-winning cases of public libraries in China, this study identifies emerging trends such as high-quality development, social engagement, and digital-intelligent innovation. Furthermore, it proposes new media strategies for enhancing the international image of public libraries, including "beyond communication", "cross-sector integration", and "digitalintelligent empowerment."

Mingshilu is a huge collection of records of Ming dynasty. A whole collection was kept in Baojing Library more than a century ago. Some volumes are now kept in Fu Sinian Library, Institute of History and Language, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. The National Library of China holds some volumes.The current paper aims to make it clear on how these volumes became separated and collected by different libraries. It was in the fifth year of Republican period (1916) that Mr. Chen Liyan, director of the Shanghai Ancient Bookstore, sold some volumes to Liu Chenggan , owner of Jiaye tang Library. Later the library of Institute of Language and Literature of Sinica Academia purchased these volumes from Liu Chenggan. In 1949, the Library of Institute of Language and Literature of Sinica Academia moved to Taiwan.The volumes collected by National Library of China belonged to Mo Hai Library before. During the turmoil years of Taiping Rebellion (1851-1864), many volumes originally kept in Baojing Library got lost and were obtained by Mohai Library. The owner of Mohai Library sold these volumes to the Li's family in Ningbo in 1928. The Li's family, the new owner who obtained these volumes, built a library named Xuanyin Library. The owner of this library donated his collection of books to the state in early 1950s when the People's Republic of China was founded . Most of his collection went to Zhejiang Library. However, the volumes of Mingshilu (The Veritable Records of the Ming) went to Beijing Library (now the National Library of China).

In the new era, digital intelligence literacy has become an essential component of personal core competencies and exerts a profound influence on children’s growth and development. Hence, children’s digital intelligence literacy education requires urgent attention. Based on child psychology, this paper analyzes the developmental stages of children’s digital intelligence literacy and, drawing on Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives, it constructs an educational framework across three dimensions: digital intelligence cognition, digital intelligence skills, and digital intelligence ethics. Specifically, digital intelligence cognition includes awareness, identity, and culture; digital intelligence skills comprise knowledge, competence, and thinking; and digital intelligence ethics encompasses safety, psychology, and social contact. Furthermore, the paper proposes pathways for public libraries to implement children’s digital intelligence literacy education, including building multi-source resource systems, creating hybrid learning spaces, innovating service models, and enhancing librarians’ capacity for digital intelligence services.

With the advent of the big data era and the explosive growth of short video content, short video platforms increasingly prioritize users' personalized needs. Algorithmic recommendation services have become a primary marketing strategy, exacerbating the phenomenon of information narrowing. This study, using Douyin as a case study and based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), examines the impact of information narrowing on users' willingness to adopt information. The findings reveal that information narrowing on short video platforms positively influences users' willingness to adopt information, with information usefulness and usability playing mediating roles and user algorithm literacy serving as a moderating factor. This research expands the application of TAM, enhances understanding of the information narrowing phenomenon, and provides a reference for future studies.

This article, based on the Research Libraries Guiding Principles for Artificial Intelligence published by the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), investigates the implementation of AI literacy education in all ARL member libraries in higher education through an online survey. The results show that AI literacy education in ARL member libraries is typically carried out through providing AI literacy research guides, embedded course instruction, seminars, and collaborative projects. These initiatives are characterized by flexible and diverse formats, serving both teaching and research needs, emphasizing AI ethics, fostering critical thinking, and promoting various forms of collaboration. Based on these findings, it is suggested that university libraries in China could enhance the quality and level of AI literacy education by organizing diverse educational activities, balancing knowledge and skills with ethical awareness, strengthening cross disciplinary communication and collaboration, and keeping up with best practices in a timely manner.

The legislative information services offered by the Sun Yat-sen Library of Guangdong Province include three main aspects: regular information bulletins to meet the basic daily information needs, specialized research support to provide in-depth services in specific areas, and a special service for the "Two Sessions" to offer comprehensive information at key time points. After years of development, the library has achieved significant progress in streamlining communication and feedback channels, establishing a professional service team, innovating service models, and setting up standardized service systems. Legislative information services in public libraries can be improved through the optimization of resource development, shared cooperation mechanisms, enhanced information circulation, and the promotion of collaborative efforts.

In the context of information development and digital upgrading, transitioning to smart libraries has become the development trend for libraries. As an essential technical support for building smart libraries, the data middle platform plays a crucial role. This paper explores the origin and concept of the data middle platform, as well as current explorations and research in the field. It provides a detailed description of the bottom-up four-layer architecture of the data middle platform in smart libraries: data collection, data systems, data assets, and data services. Additionally, the paper discusses its application scenarios in smart libraries, including business middle platforms, BI systems, intelligent search, personalized recommendations, and management service optimization. Finally, it identifies the development trends of data middle platforms in smart libraries and outlines future challenges and responses in terms of data quality, privacy and security, and technical complexity.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence will drive the innovation and reshaping of library staff. From an overall structural perspective, it will promote a series of optimizations and upgrades in job structures, educational backgrounds, and other areas. From the perspective of librarians' abilities, it will lead to changes in core professional skills, with data management and analysis, technology development and application, as well as humanistic literacy and legal awareness likely becoming core competencies for librarians. Regarding the relationship between librarians and users, it will help establish a two-way, collaborative, and mutually beneficial partnership between the two. In the face of these changes, libraries should focus on stimulating librarians’ awareness of their roles, strengthening talent recruitment and training mechanisms, enhancing collaborative cooperation with various interest communities, and increasing humanistic care. This will foster the effective integration of artificial intelligence technology with library services, thereby promoting the long-term development of library modernization.

Rural cultural revitalization provides intellectual support and cultural leadership for rural revitalization. As public cultural service institutions that help bridge the cultural gap between urban and rural areas, grassroots libraries should play a key role in supporting rural cultural revitalization. However, grassroots libraries face several challenges, including the absence of standard regulations, uneven resource allocation, limited digital empowerment, incomplete operational mechanisms, and a lack of innovation awareness. To address these issues, it is crucial to establish regulations, optimize resource allocation, strengthen technological applications, improve operational mechanisms, and foster innovation awareness.