The provision of children's services in public libraries is based on fundamental rights such as citizens' right to education and cultural rights, which can only be realized through the fulfillment of national obligations. Legislative bodies, administrative agencies, and judicial bodies serve as the main entities responsible for fulfilling these national obligations in the provision of children's services in public libraries, each playing their respective roles. This article clarifies the logical basis of the national obligation configuration for children's services in public libraries and analyzes the current situation and shortcomings. It proposes the development direction for the national obligation configuration in children's services in public libraries as follows: legislative bodies should establish a standardized system, fill regulatory gaps, and provide institutional guarantees for the development of children's services in public libraries; administrative agencies should allocate sufficient funds, policy support, and talent cultivation for children's services in public libraries; judicial bodies should enhance the legal capacity of relevant entities and ensure judicial protection of children's rights in public libraries.

The article elaborates on the concept of the paradox of data ethics in smart library services and analyzes the reasons for the formation of this paradox from three levels: power imbalance, conflicts of interest, and lack of regulatory constraints. Based on the two dimensions of data power and data security, it discusses the forms of the paradox of data ethics in smart library services and the potential threats it poses. The article proposes measures to avoid the paradox of data ethics in smart library services from four aspects: constraining the expansion of data power, innovating data technology management, strengthening the accountability of data rights holders, and emphasizing data ethics education. The aim is to provide constructive ideas for seeking innovative smart library services that conform to ethical standards.

In 1951, Zheng Zhenduo went to East China to conduct work investigations and found the Ming dynasty block-printed book Tiangong Kaiwu. Through various efforts, he managed to contact the collector Li from Xuan Yin Lou and decided to collect more than 2,800 types and over 30,000 volumes of books from their collection. Afterwards, with extensive coordination and attention to details, Zheng mobilized the Li family to donate books, coordinated the collection and transport of books to Beijing, and ensured the proper settlement of the Li family. This paper sheds light on Zheng Zhenduo's efforts and contributions in mobilizing private book collections to be donated to the state at the beginning of the establishment of new China.

This paper provides a description of the concept, challenges, technologies, and applications of knowledge extraction. By reviewing current research achievements, the research status of knowledge extraction is clarified, and future research directions are proposed. The analysis indicates that the research on knowledge extraction is still in its early stage and there are many deficiencies in the study of technologies and applications. Further innovation and development are needed. This paper proposes that technological innovation, knowledge base construction and maintenance, and the development of knowledge graph and knowledge fusion could become the future research hotspots of knowledge extraction. Therefore, more in-depth research could be conducted in these areas.

The research takes the 2021 annual reports of 89 county-level public libraries in Zhejiang as the research object, and collects the core data reflecting the development of libraries in the annual reports through documentation and crawling techniques. The study shows that the indicators of annual new book collection per capita in county-level public libraries in Zhejiang have far exceeded the target of 2025. The number of books circulating per capita and the number of cultural venues receiving services per capita per year is far from the target. At the same time, the annual report reflects an uneven development among libraries, and the quality of many data does not stand up to scrutiny. After analyzing the causes of the problems, this paper suggests further clarifying the scope of core data for the annual reports, standardizing the core data reporting requirements, and improving the working mechanism for the preparation of the annual report, to improve the quality of it.

Based on a network survey of representative university libraries (C9 Alliance), the article clarifies the main service items in the current practice of university libraries in China. The article uses the KANO model to analyze user needs and identify the intensity of their needs and the priority of service assurance for each service item in university libraries under the risk of interruption. The article then proposes service strategies and corresponding capacitybuilding paths for each type of service item in university libraries in such a context. It provides a theoretical reference for the development and security management of document and information services in university libraries under the interruption risk.

This article introduces the innovative service approach of You County Library, which extends its services to towns, villages, communities, and households. By constructing a series of "Three Small Public Places" (small squares, small book houses, small lecture halls), the library has expanded reading spaces and promoted rural revitalization with positive outcomes. As a significant guiding force and participant in empowering rural revitalization, You County Library focuses on the three key aspects of "construction, implementation, and ongoing management" in the development of "Three Small Public Places." These Public Places serve as a bridge connecting urban and rural cultures, providing a platform for farmers to seek knowledge.

The authorized operation of public data is a new way to develop and utilize public data. From a legal perspective, the study of issues related to the authorized operation of public data has positive reference value and significance. This article uses methods such as comparison and literature analysis to first elaborate on the basic understanding of the authorized operation of public data, then analyze its legality, and finally propose a legal framework for the authorized operation of public data. The study believes that the authorized operation of public data in China is still in its early stages, and legal regulation should be carried out in the following four aspects: establishing the idea of "legalization of public data authorized operation"; based on local regulations, the state should unify and formulate legal rules for the authorized operation of public data; adhering to the legal compliance orientation of "public value comes first"; strengthening supervision of public data authorized operation and establishing an evaluation system in accordance with the law

In the era of big data and the promulgation of the Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the protection of readers' personal information has become a new issue facing public libraries. This article analyzes the scope of readers' personal information and clarifies the relevant rights such as the right to be informed, the right to decide, the right to access, the right to copy, the right to data portability, the right to rectification, the right to erasure, and the right to explanation and interpretation of readers in public library's personal information processing activities. The article also points out the problems of inadequate awareness and ability to protect readers' rights, lack of industry guidance, and risks associated with third-party cooperation in protecting readers' rights in public libraries. Furthermore, the article proposes countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of awareness, system, practice, and technology to improve the protection of readers' personal information in public libraries.

Rural libraries, known as "Nongjia Shuwu," serve as the primary frontline for nationwide reading activities at the grassroots level and are effective measures for promoting rural revitalization and benefiting the people. This article introduces the effective measures taken by Hekou District Library in promoting the construction of rural libraries from five aspects: establishing a "four-tier network," achieving the "three inclusions," focusing on "mass demand," adhering to "theme orientation", and deepening the "cooperation and integration". Through these measures, the local rural libraries have been transformed into active contributors to rural revitalization, serving as the "cultural granary." This exploration provides broad significance and reference value for grassroots libraries to play a greater role and achieve practical results in rural revitalization.

Qian Taiji was a famous book collector, textual critic, and bibliographer in the Qing Dynasty. When Qian read a book and found it worthwhile, he would write postscripts. These kinds of writings are important source materials for studying his life and travelling. Recently, a collection of Qian's postscripts entitled Ganquanxiangrentiba has been compiled and is particularly worth seeing. However, despite Qian's extensive book collection and travelling wide, there are still some missing postscripts. This article collects various postscripts by Qian that were not included in his published works, and supplements Qian's life and social network during his time in Shanghai and Anqing by combining them with related writings such as Ganquanxiangrengao. It also delves into his travelling with famous scholars such as Wu Yun, Liu Zhou, Jiang Guangyan, Jiang Guangxu, and Sun Yiyuan, to provide a feast for the academic community.

The revitalization of rural culture is the soul of rural revitalization, and library reading promotion is an effective way to support it. Ethnic minority universities' libraries have the responsibility and mission of serving ethnic regions. This article takes the libraries of eight universities in the Wuling Mountain ethnic minority region as an example to investigate and analyze the current situation of their reading promotion in supporting the revitalization of rural culture. It also proposes a practical path to support the revitalization of rural culture, which includes building a complete operating system for reading promotion, establishing a scientific long-term mechanism for reading promotion, innovating reading promotion methods, and effectively promoting the "six-dimensional" construction in the revitalization of rural culture.

Digital reading literacy is one of the keys to improving the knowledge mix of university students in the digital age. Although they have a certain degree of digital reading literacy, the influence of the digital environment has become more and more obvious and diverse. The article analyses the current situation of digital reading among university students and analyses the factors affecting their digital reading literacy. The article also proposes strategies to enhance their ability from five perspectives: regulating the digital reading environment, content, and channels, as well as strengthening technological support and promoting digital reading education, with the aim of providing references for further research and practice.

China is now constantly improving the public cultural service system and promoting the integrated development of culture and tourism. Public libraries must seize this opportunity to try to expand their service functions. Zhejiang is home to rich tourism resources and boasts a well-constructed public cultural service system. The article examines the service function expansion of public libraries based on culture and tourism integration. The article also proposes countermeasures for the existing problems. These include creating special cultural brands, improving digital intelligence services, building new reading spaces, and enhancing service awareness.

Taking the "Exploration Education" project at the Pudong Library as an example, this article analyzes the service background, implementation, and participation mechanism of the project to explore the model of "afterschool services for children" in public libraries. Pudong Library has developed some practices in after-school service management, introducing other social sectors, relying on information technology advantages, and utilizing high-quality teachers and resources. The project uses methods such as literature research, quantitative analysis, and Delphi method to analyze the effectiveness of "after-school services for children" in libraries. At the same time, some problems were found in the work, and response measures were proposed to build a multi-level and effective coordination management system that runs through the upper and lower levels, a collaborative work mechanism for multiple subjects to participate together, a reading evaluation and incentive mechanism with clear guidance, and a talent team guarantee mechanism, in order to promote the continuous development of youth reading services in libraries.

A three-year public lending rights pilot program was launched in Taiwan, China in 2020. The scheme was conducted in two pilot libraries. It compensates eligible creators and publishers for works created and published in paperbacks. As the first year of the trial period came to an end, the results of the implementation of the overall underpayment of compensation reflected problems such as overly burdensome application procedures, disagreements over the criteria for recognition, and a clear preference for lending books during the trial period. The article analyses the shortcomings of the "legislation" model, compensation rules, specific regulations and implementation progress under the program for public lending rights in Taiwan, to provide references for the future harmonization of public lending rights in Chinese mainland and Taiwan.

The China-Singapore Friendship Library, located in the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City, is a joint construction project between China and Singapore. From its inception, the library has adhered to the principles of "reader-centricity, application-oriented, innovative development, and intelligent establishment." It actively explores new paths for the deep integration of public cultural services and modern technology, injecting smart technology into all aspects of venue management and reader services. Through top-level design, smart empowerment, and collaborative exchanges, the China-Singapore Friendship Library strives to become an intelligent library that is perceptive, thoughtful, adaptable, and warm.

Amidst the current efforts to promote national reading and rural cultural revitalization, encouraging and guiding rural residents to participate in reading and promoting high-quality development of rural public reading has received much attention. In recent years, the construction of an unified urban and rural public library service system in China has continued to progress, and the integration of resources between rural libraries and public libraries has been completed, while the rural public reading network has continued to improve, and reading resources have become increasingly abundant. However, it is undeniable that the utilization rate of rural reading facilities is generally low, and the participation of rural residents in public reading is still not optimistic. Pinghu in Zhejiang province has attempted to innovate the management and service methods of rural public reading from the perspective of farmers. Taking the Pinghu Farmers' Reading Association as a starting point, the initiative aims to stimulate and enhance the intrinsic demand for reading among farmers, optimize the allocation of public reading resources, and vigorously improve the level of reading integration between urban and rural areas, in order to cultivate cultural nourishment for common prosperity.

Lindian County in Heilongjiang Province was once a national-level poverty-stricken county and successfully lifted itself out of poverty in 2020. The author of this paper has been actively involved in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization since 2016 through his work stationed in the village. Over the course of six years, Lindian County Library has established a comprehensive network of library services covering the entire county by adopting a central and branch library system. The library has also served as a fertile ground and platform for artistic and literary creation, effectively empowering rural revitalization through practical and effective measures.

The article illustrates the importance of traditional culture in improving the quality of reading promotion services. The article takes the reading promotion of traditional culture in Huzhou as an example, and fully studies the current situation and dilemma of the city's organs, enterprises and institutions at all levels and major platform institutions in the reading promotion of traditional culture. The article puts forward the strategy of high-quality reading promotion with a big-picture perspective, brand-based operation, systematic planning, collaborative construction, professionoriented teamwork, all-media dissemination, and information-based archiving. It is expected to provide a reference for good traditional culture reading promotion work in the new era.

According to the manuscript of the Siku Quanshu Zongmu, the books Xu Wen Xian Tong Kao Jing Ji Kao, Xu Tong Zhi Yi Wen Lve, Qing Chao Wen Xian Tong Kao Jing Ji Kao, and Qing Chao Tong Zhi Yi Wen Lve were compiled. Based on this premise, a comprehensive examination of their classification and included books was conducted by integrating them into a sequence of texts that includes the Siku Quanshu Chuci Jincheng Cunmu, the manuscript of the Siku Quanshu Zongmu held by the National Museum of China, the Wenyuange Siku Quanshu, and the Siku Quanshu Jianming Mulu. This breakthrough overcame the bottleneck caused by the lack of direct materials and clearly defined the time range of their compilation: the Xu Jing Ji Kao was compiled around the second month of the 46th year of Qianlong(1781), the Xu Yi Wen Lve was compiled between the second month and the last month of the 46th year of Qianlong (1781), the Qing Jing Ji Kao was compiled between the 49th year (1784) and the end of the 50th year of Qianlong(1785), and the Qing Yi Wen Lve was compiled between the last month of the 50th year (1785) and the end of the 52nd year of Qianlong(1787). This process was used to construct a more complete sequence of texts for the Siku Quanshu Zongmu.

Innovating the social governance system and improving the social governance method are the inevitable requirements for enhancing the vitality of social development and building a new pattern of social governance. Taking the Guangzhou library as an example, this article expounds on the new path of public library communication space to achieve social co-governance under the new situation. The article analyses the governance subject, concept, system and effect, and summarises the characteristics of its practical management. The article also discusses the effective paths for public libraries to achieve social co-governance in the innovation and reform of social governance models. The goal is to create a social governance pattern of co-construction, co-management and sharing, and improve the effectiveness of public cultural services.

This paper adopts a field survey method to analyze the current situation of rural children's digital reading in terms of their reading attitudes, frequency, methods, tools, locations, platforms, content and parents' attitudes toward children's digital reading. Based on this, this paper proposes the following countermeasures: libraries carry out extensive cooperation and encourage multiple sectors to participate in digital reading for rural children. Libraries should take advantage of their resources to enrich the content of digital reading for rural children. At the same time, libraries should strengthen the construction of platforms and provide diversified digital reading methods. Finally, they should provide indepth guidance on the promotion of digital reading for rural children.

In 2022, generative artificial intelligence, with ChatGPT as a prominent example, emerged as a powerful force, rapidly infiltrating various industries. Representing a significant technological breakthrough from being merely functional to being user-friendly, generative artificial intelligence aligns with the fundamental direction of the digital library's transformation into a smart library. It promises innovative applications in resource development, service models, and service ecosystems. The Zhejiang Library's Zhejiang Xinguan has constructed an integrated framework for smart libraries and actively explored the potential applications of generative AI within this framework. This exploration serves as a valuable insight for libraries, encouraging them to seek technological empowerment through enhanced collaboration, upgraded hardware and software infrastructure, strengthened local data development, expanded smart service scenarios, and improved user interaction experiences. It also highlights the importance of mitigating potential technological risks from data security, legal issues, and AI ethics.

To suit measures to local conditions is an important principle in the development of grassroots libraries. However, in order to truly suit measures to local conditions, the key lies in approaching and understanding grassroots libraries. Based on three research stories and reflecting on the author's personal research experience, this article points out that the essence of the "going to the grassroots" research action is essentially a process of transitioning from an external perspective to an internal perspective of the grassroots. This process can easily be influenced by personalized biases. A genuine understanding of grassroots libraries must be approached with the filter of "being at the grassroots," delving into the integrity and subjectivity of grassroots society, in order to rediscover grassroots libraries and find a breakthrough in their development.

Based on the reader borrowing data, this paper constructs user portrait and resource portrait of the library reader group, deeply excavates the readers' borrowing habits and potential behavior laws, and provides decision-making basis for the public library's reading promotion, collection construction and spatial layout based on the user portrait and resource portrait.Taking the public library as the service subject, the borrowing behavior of readers is refined and classified based on the borrowing data of readers over a five-year span, and the classification labels of different reader categories are constructed by cluster analysis to deeply mine the behavior attributes of readers, and association mining is carried out according to the borrowing tendency to realize the accurate description of group user portraits.So as to guide book recommendation, activity promotion, collection construction and spatial layout of bookshelves based on readers' borrowing behavior and tendency. After several years of practice, it has begun to take effect. Looking forward to the future, it is gradually promoted from primary application to accurate service application for readers and users.

After years of standardized construction, Quwo County Library has become the only county-level library in Shanxi Province to achieve national-level standardization for public cultural services. Through the establishment of a sound organizational structure and improved work mechanisms, combined with the characteristics of the industry, the library has undertaken standard development work. It has also placed great emphasis on promotion, training, and creating a positive atmosphere. By implementing and supervising the standards, the library ensures the execution of standards and continuous improvement of standardization work. This has resulted in the accumulation of rich experience in public cultural service standardization and remarkable achievements, including improved daily management, enhanced quality of reader services, the establishment of the library's service brand, and the honor of being recognized as a "National Level-One Library."

In recent years, the Yinzhou District Library has embraced the concept of "going beyond the library to serve the library." By catering to the reading needs of the masses and leveraging its platform advantages, the library actively seeks cross-sector collaborations and integration. It has explored new service models by partnering with social forces, expanding reading spaces, organizing reading promotion activities in collaboration with external organizations, and meeting the cultural demands of the community. Leveraging the "Internet+" model, the library ensures uninterrupted digital reading services. The expansion of service scope and the innovation of activity formats have led to continuous improvement in the quality of reading services, thus enhancing the comprehensive modern public cultural service system covering the entire district.

In response to the change and development of information technology and the diversified and multi-level reading needs of users, Ningbo Library has launched three digital reading platforms, namely, online library, mobile library and TV library, as well as the service platform of "Reading Pavilion (Yue Du Shu Ting)" which integrates online reading and offline book exchange at different stages. This has promoted the high-quality development of digital reading services. These platforms have produced positive effects during the epidemic and enhanced the effectiveness of digital cultural services in public libraries.

This study employs online surveys to investigate the current status of digital literacy education for minors in public libraries in China, and conducts in-depth analysis from the perspectives of educational content, educational formats, and educational spaces. The research findings reveal that digital literacy education for minors in public libraries demonstrates broad coverage, clear emphasis, and a focus on innovation. However, certain challenges exist, such as insufficient attention to the needs of minors, limited diversity in digital literacy education content, fragmented digital literacy activities, and inadequate participation from social organizations. To enhance future practices in public libraries, efforts should be made to expand the target audience for digital literacy education, develop tailored educational content frameworks, establish flagship projects for digital literacy education, and strengthen collaboration with social organizations.